Long-term
challenged
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Community Evaluations (5)
$3B–$8B policy-influenced value
Policy citation tracking with counterfactual analysis.
$8B–$18B
Broader definition including workforce and spinoffs.
$5B–$12B
Citation network analysis of policy documents.
$2B–$6B
Narrow definition — only direct policy citation.
$10B–$25B
Broader scope including private sector R&D influenced.